Ancient Works of Art in Fred Kleiner’s Gardner’s Art...

In Fred Kleiner’s Gardner’s Art Through the Ages, he has listed some of the oldest and most ancient works of art discovered from different archeological site, which were later transferred to various museums. As we delve deeper into the chapters, we discover how art forms evolve across different time lines – from the art of the Paleolithic period to the arts of the near-East and Egypt. The works of art across the different timelines also indicate the kind of culture people have, because such culture can be seen in how they present their arts. Therefore, there is a clear development that is happening back then, because of the evolution of the arts and the presentation of the artists based on their culture. Taking everything into consideration, this project aims to discuss how arts develop throughout the different timelines – the Paleolithic period and the Ancient near-East and Egypt – and how such art forms present the cultural context of the artists. Paleolithic cave painting Historically, it is always argued that the cave paintings during the Paleolithic period are one of the oldest recorded pieces of art. These include the hand imprints and spotted horses cave painting in Peche-Merle, France, the Halls of Bulls wall painting in Lascaux, France and the animal paintings in the Chauvet cave. While they are located in different locations, there are some common traits in these paintings. First, the cave paintings estimated to be between 13,000 and 15,000 years old, which means

Free sample Assignment on Social Media strategies for Digital Marketin

Question: Discuss about the Social Media Strategies for Digital marketing. Answer: Introduction The present assignment will cover all the critical areas towards developing proper social media strategies, which Pizza Hut uses in the marketing plan. The use of the social media tool is not limited only to a communication its achievement is diversified towards the development of different kinds of E-commerce strategies. The trend of shopping, as well as the trend of marketing, has changed as compared with the traditional mode of shopping and commercialization (Chaffey, Ellis-Chadwick, Chaffey, 2012). The assignment will focus on what are the different kinds of contribution, which the social media contributed to the business operations of Pizza Hut. Aims and objectives of the Report Social media is a very important element for online commerce. The purpose of the study is to evaluate all the proceedings of the social media tool. It allows a different organization to develop different business and to run a reputed business online. There are certain applications of the social media tool as it used as one of the most important as well as a significant source of branding (Chan, 2012). Pizza Hut is one of the most popular fast food organizations, which operates its business in the major cities of the globe. It is an American restaurant chain, and international franchise operates its business mainly in trading Pizza ("Pizza Hut - Pizza Coupons, Pizza Deals, Pizza Delivery, Order Pizza Online, Catering", 2016). There are certain ways, which the organization was benefited with the application of a proper social media strategy. The majority of the organization irrespective of its nature and objectives adopts the notion of the social media tool as the ideal platform to org anize different kind of advertisement as well as promotional activities (Kotler, 2012). The concept of promotion and publicity are the two key components, which are the crucial part of the marketing mix. Background of the Company Pizza Hut is a much-diversified concept, which is one of the most common as well as popular pizza restaurants in USA. It operates its business in different countries across the globe. Different companies are doing the same business in the same industry. Some of the key competitors are Dominos, KFC and Mc Donalds. The involvement of all the brands in the social media is very much remarkable. Pizza Hut develops different kinds of marketing plan based on Social media applications. All the organizations irrespective of nature and the purpose of the business develop different kinds of social media platforms to execute different plans and proceedings towards the involvement of the business activities (Chaffey, Ellis-Chadwick, Chaffey, 2012). The market structure of Pizza hut falls under the notion of the oligopoly market structure. Pizza Huts social footprint has developed at a rapid pace in a short span of time and based on the latest statistical report its Facebook page visitors from 500k to one million in a span of a year. Pizza Huts top priority is to develop pizza fans on board with its social networks (Pride, 2012). Pizza Hut has always been a casual dining pizza chain, which acts as a catalyst to inspire social conversation around it. The nature of the oligopoly market structure is different as compared with the other marketing structure. The decision making of one firm hugely affects the decision making a power of another company (Kotler Armstrong, 2012). Pricing strategies are one of the major things that need to analyze in a proper manner to develop an appropriate marketing plan. The following part of the study will highlight what are the different kinds strategies which pizza hut applied to produce a good competitive advantage in the overall market structure (Kurtz Boone, 2012). Social Media Metrics As mentioned at the beginning of the study, there are certain applications of different kinds of social media tool in the business operations. It is very much familiar that various social media tool contributes a significant aspect towards developing a proper communication strategy in the organization. The idea towards developing an appropriate two-way communication system will be beneficial for both the team as well as for the customers (Mandiberg, 2012). It guides the customers to stay updated about the latest products and services, which are offered by the team, and on the other hand, various companies are benefited to conclude what are the different kinds of customers trends in the overall organizational procedures (Miller, 2012). In order to determine the social media matrix there are certain key points which needs to be analyzed. A person from different age group follows different application of social media tools for different purpose. Therefore, it is one of the major sources of communication. Analysis and application of social Media Metrics Strategies are developed to meet the organizational objectives in a most smooth manner. There are certain organizational goals as well as corporate activities which majority of the firms needs to achieve in the overall marketing operations. The overall social media strategy for pizza hut is being tried to build an online community for pizza lovers across the world with the application of different kinds of social media tools, which includes Facebook, Twitter and much more. However, there are certain things left to evaluate an individual social media strategy. One of the key points that need to analyze is the application of the platform wise social media strategy. The Pizza Hut Facebook fan page boast of more than 900k fan in the overall business strategy (Steiner, 2012). On the other hand, pizza huts website has not mentioned about an official Twitter channel. However, there are different kinds of positive feedback, which can be concluded to enter into the reviews on Twitter. This part of the study will analyze how the notion of the Social Media tools and its media matrix can be applied to develop online deals. To classify this particular point, there are two modes of shopping. One is the traditional method of shopping which is followed by the modern style of shopping (Potter, 2012). In the modern way of buying, the majority of the buyers prefer online shopping. It is very much clear that all the companies irrespective of the nature of the business as well as objectives, uses the social media platform to organize different kinds of promotional and advertisement activities, it is not used for online transactions (Potter, 2012). On the other hand, Pizza Hut also engages its audience by developing exciting new campaigns, which includes patterning with Microsoft. The review can be concluded as social media strategy review where a 360-degree analysis of a particular brands entire social media strategy as well as activities. Pizza Hurt, an American restaurant chain made a different contribution towards the development of a proper social media strategy (Ryan Jones, 2012). Online transactions, includes online purchase and sales which is one of the key features of modern mode of the shopping. Some of the key points which need to be analyzed in a proper manner are Pizza Hut needs to develop different kinds of transactional activities which include online purchase and online sales as it will be more beneficial for the buyers. It can be explained in a better manner as the number of users is being increased day by day and it will surely. Evolution of Matrix and Analysis The notion towards the development of a proper marketing plan includes several parameters that need to be fulfilled. One of the main factors is the idea of social media matrix. Development of an appropriate marketing plan includes the application of different of the various kinds of marketing tools with includes to scan the environment. For example, the majority of the business firm uses the application of SWOT Analysis as the best marketing tool to examine both the internal environment as well as the external environment (Collins, 2012). However, the trend for shopping as well as the trend for marketing has changed as compared with the traditional mode of marketing. At present, different kinds of social media tools used to develop a proper marketing plan with includes the notion of digital marketing. Some of the key factors, which are, includes towards that Pizza Hut needs to focus on the following factors (Miller, 2012). Some of the important factors, which need to analyze to develop a proper digital marketing, include Social media audit, social media monitoring, social media management, social online reputation management, social media marketing and social media public relations (Potter, 2012). The following part of the study will analyze all factors how pizza hut developed all the social media campaigning in an efficient manner. Social Media Audit concludes towards the research about the social media presence in the marketing process. The second point, which needs to be analyzed, is to examine the social media opportunities as well as social media threats. Pizza Hut has used the notion of the social media strategy, which includes the execution of the plans and proceedings (Ryan Jones, 2012). Social media monitoring includes four important factors, which are identifying variations, segregating variations, analyzing conservation and insight and recommendation of different kinds of reports. Social media management includes strategic existence creating on social media platform, which includes promotion, as well as response administration, which analyzes opportunity for social media output (Kurtz Boone, 2012). The idea of online reputation management is a unique concept, which includes researching as well as analyzing present online reputation-defining as well as recommending steps to get better the overall process of reputation score. The final point of the study will examine the execution of recommendations which majority of the organization including pizza hut follows towards the development process of a proper online reputation management. Pizza Hut has executed different kinds of plans and procedures where the notion of the social media campaign is one of the key objectives (Kotler Armstrong, 2012). The organization has developed creation of campaigns through tools apps and potential discussion approach, which includes deliverables via camping execution. The notion of the social media release includes classification of the online PR objectives and analysis of various kinds of PR objectives (Daniel, 2012). The final point, which Pizza Hut needs to be concentrate, is the view of the social media strategy. Strategies in the organization are developed to run the risk falling behind. There are certain ways where the organization was benefited towards applying a proper social media strategy (Potter, 2012). Reflection After going the overall study, I will like to conclude about the importance of the social media tools in the daily business operations. The majority of these fast food industries what I feel improve all the programs and policies to achieve a proper social media platform in the business systems. All of these brands apply the concept of the social media tool with a view to developing different kinds of promotion activities. I will conclude that one firm affects the decision-making activity of the other firm. To execute all the plans and policies in a proper manner, all the companies develop more or less the same strategies to evaluate the social media strategies in an effective manner. Conclusion and Recommendations The concluding part of the study will analyze as well as summarize all the key factors, which are included to conclude the effectiveness of the social media in the modern business. The selected organization in the assignment is Pizza Hut. The task-focused how pizza hut was benefited and what are the positive impacts that pizza got in business after developing a robust social media strategy. The only recommendations that can be added is Pizza Hut to work on the series of digital initiatives which puts the development of different kinds of activities which include brand building activities on the social network which includes brand developing activities on social media, in-store and online events. Reference List Chaffey, D., Ellis-Chadwick, F., Chaffey, D. (2012).Digital marketing. Harlow: Pearson. Chan, L. (2012).Social media marketing for digital photographers. Indianapolis, IN: John Wiley Sons. Collins, D. (2012).Business ethics. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Daniel, S. (2012).Principles of marketing. [Place of publication not identified]: Kendall Hunt. Kotler, P. (2012).Marketing management. Harlow, England: Pearson. Kotler, P. Armstrong, G. (2012).Principles of marketing. Boston: Pearson Prentice Hall. Kurtz, D. Boone, L. (2012).Principles of contemporary marketing. Australia: Southwestern Cengage Learning. Mandiberg, M. (2012).The social media reader. New York: New York University Press. Miller, M. (2012).B2B digital marketing. Indianapolis, Ind., USA: Que. Pizza Hut - Pizza Coupons, Pizza Deals, Pizza Delivery, Order Pizza Online, Catering. (2016).Order.pizzahut.com. Retrieved 29 May 2016, from https://order.pizzahut.com/home? Potter, N. (2012).The library marketing toolkit. London: Facet Publishing. Pride, W. (2012).Marketing principles. South Melbourne, Vic.: Cengage Learning. Ryan, D. Jones, C. (2012).Understanding digital marketing. Philadelphia, PA: Kogan Page. Steiner, S. (2012).Strategic planning for social media in libraries. Chicago: ALA TechSource, an imprint of the American Library Association.

All My Sons Character Analysis free essay sample

He is married to his money-obsessed and cynical wife. Sue. Jim is a good neighbor, looking in on Kate when she’s ill, picking up George, and looking for Chris. Jim’s main quality that separates him from the other characters is his lack of independency in his actions. He ultimately his wife’s slave and must conform to her wants, returning home and becoming a practicing doctor after she wished for him to do so. Jim doesn’t make his inner feeling known and makes no judgments of others. He feels lost, and even says, â€Å"It’s even hard sometimes to remember the kind of man I wanted to be† (Miller 3. 25). Ann is the daughter of Steve Deever, former neighbor of the Kellers, as well as former fiancee of the dead Larry Keller, and the current fiancee of Chris Keller. She returned to live with the Kellers at Chris’ request. We will write a custom essay sample on All My Sons Character Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Even though she is young, Ann knows what she wants and her display of independency and obtainment of desires is her main characteristic. She turns her back on her father when he was convicted during the business scandal and moved to New York and got a job. During her stay at the Kellers, Ann has no problem going against the denial stricken, fierce, and older Kate, openly saying, â€Å"You made Chris feel guilty with me†¦ I’d like you to tell him that Larry is dead and that you know it. You understand me? † (3. 86), during one of their arguments over Larry. Ann is the only character throughout the play that accomplishes her goals. Chris is Joe Keller’s son and is described as being in his thirties, passionate and loyal. These are his most defining qualities. Throughout the play, he is known for trying to diffuse the situation and is the most emotional character. He doesn’t tell his mother the fact that Larry is truly dead and that she must move on, for this appeals to his passionate side and refrains from deeply hurting his mother. Chris tells Ann that no one in the neighborhood remembers the old crime to make her feel more comfortable and tries to calm and befriend Ann’s hostile brother George when he arrives. Sue describes his passionate feeling about the war to Ann, and Jim describes him as, â€Å"Chris would never know how to live with a thing like that. It takes a certain talent†¦ for lying. You have it, and I do. But not him† (3. 21) on the topic of lying. At the end of the play, Chris feels that he must redeem and boring justice to the dead pilots, and that his father must go to jail. In All My Sons by Arthur Miller, relationships with others are crucial aspects of the play. Even though many of the characters gave similar characteristics, several of them have qualities that greatly differ from those of the others. The traits of Dr. Jim Bayliss, Ann Deever, and Chris Keller, in particular, support Arthur Miller’s concept of, â€Å"We are all separate people. †

Name Essays (3218 words) - Auditory System, Perception, Surveillance

Name Essays (3218 words) - Auditory System, Perception, Surveillance Name Professor Course Date Abstract The recognition of the ear is determined by the ear biometrics with respect to the physiological as well as the behavioral characteristics of the ear. The stable biometric nature of the ear draws the interest in many scholars in conducting a number of researches on the recognition capability plus functionality of the ear. Other biometric aspects of the other body parts indicate that the biometrics of the face and the figures are less accurate in comparison with the biometrics of the ear. The ear biometric is a good component of recognition that other body parts because the ear biometric is fixed. Even though in industrial and academic fields these have been the major recognition concepts, the ear recognition stands out to be the feature which gives the accurate and distinct recognition when compared to the rest of the body parts. This research paper outlines the use of deep counter as an alternative technique for edge detection to the capability of recognition of the ear. The main stages of deep counter methodology of studying the ear recognition ability are the ability of the ear to conduct prior processing of information, skin detection, contrast enhancements and size normalization. The CHAINLETS help to extract all the ear features then helping the ear to match all the information for proper identification. This method of ear detection is most applicable in an unconstrained channel of ear recognition. The results of the experiment indicate that the approach of Deep Counter and CHAINLETS for Ear recognition show the best result comparing with another state of the art base descriptors. Introduction According to Moreno B., Sanchez A., Velez J. (1999) ear recognition has rich biometric and physiological features, which are stable and do not vary with change in age. Additionally, the facial expression of an individual does not have any impact on the biometry of the ear (Basit, Javed, and Anjum 24- 26). Its large size as compared to the fingers and eye makes it easily recognizable from a distance. Shen, Wang, Wang, Bai, and Zhang point out that with the evolving use of biometric recognition of people, the ear is emerging as a significant source of people recognition. The ear provides more accurate recognition ability when it is used together with the facial recognition devices. Most significant is that the ear is not impacted by any external factors such as makeup, gasses, hair or other artificial settings as such are not able to alter the biometry of the ear (Anika Pflug, Christoph and Busch, 2012). Satish Ravindran (2014) reveals that the ear recognition is sensitive to any external force or factor that interferes with the ordinary operations and working phenomenon of the ear. In particular, it is sensitive to scale variance, invariance in initialization and the level of noise tolerance it can withstand within a particular environment. According to Hurley David (2013) all these factors will adversely affect the ear recognition system depending on their level and magnitude in the environment. The duration of exposure and the condition of the ear will also determine how these factors cause adversaries to the recognition ability. In essence, the ear recognition system will be very sensitive to any changes in the levels of these factors in the environment, and in any case, it finds it difficult to adjust to normalcy, then it will end up losing its recognition ability (Naser Damer & Benedikt Fuhrer, 2012). Care must, therefore, be taken to ensure that all the factors mentioned above are within the limits that the ear can tolerate. In this paper a discussion on the deep contoured ear recognition technique is presented in which normalization, cropping enhancement occur in the early stage. A boundary is then extracted from these images through a deep contour method to be used in the next stage. CHAINLETS is employed to extract the features of the ear and a fast histogram intersection distance used to match the images. In this paper extra attention is given to the deep contour technique to engage the CHAINLEST in extracting the entire ear biometry. The various sizes of the images produced will generate different strictures of the ear biometry which will later be used to classify and match the ear features. Methodology Deep Contoured Method This study borrowed much from the deep contour technique of edge detection to classify all the images obtained for the ear biometry from the background. For the technique, white was used for the ear edge while the black coloration was used for the background of the ear. The deep contour method is a technique that employs

Prospects for the Future of Indigenous Peoples Essay

Prospects for the Future of Indigenous Peoples - Essay Example The world encompasses umpteenth groups of indigenous people scattered at various corners by different names and customs, be it the Caribe or Taino in the Crribean region, the Arawaks in Florida, West Indies, South America and Brazil, the Karibs or Caribs in the Lesser Antilles and Venezuela (Tainos Caribs). The emergence of such aboriginal groups can be traced back to as far as 6000 BC to 10000 BC (Tainos Caribs).and since then these native people have remained as the most ignored and disadvantaged mass of the world as they have been deprived of â€Å"their ways of life and their right to traditional lands, territories and natural resources† (UNPFII). Endeavors were made by some of the indigenous groups’ leaders, first by Haudensaunee Chief Deskaheh in 1923, who travelled all the way to Geneva for having a word with the League of Nations with t he hope of claiming his people’s to adhere to their own laws, land and faith, followed by T.W. Ratana, a Maori religious leader, who made his way to New Zealand to speak on behalf of his people for closing the Treaty of Waitangi, which denied their access to their own lands (UNPFII). However, both were prohibited to speak up for their rights and hence, were sent back empty-handed (UNPFII). The realization of the international community special attention required by the indigenous groups of the world is expected to bring an improved future for these aboriginals by means of various favorable policies (UNPFII). The United Nations Economic and Social Council created the Working Group on Indigenous Populations (WGIP) OF THE Sub Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights in 1982 (UNPFII). In 2007, the General Assembly addressed the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, which highlights the collective rights of these unprivileged section of the world (UNPFII). The implementation of this declaration makes it clear that the

Marketing in Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Marketing in Practice - Essay Example Research was done that indicated the student’s use of the online digital library and the data collected showed that many students are not actually using the services of the library and this impairs reaching the objectives of the plan. This report thus gives an in-depth account of social marketing theory and the related secondary materials that were used to understand the situation of the Birmingham library. With reference to this, appropriate objective and recommendation are given in this report to ensure that the students adopt the new provision as expected by the university; it is to be achieved using social marketing for behaviour change (Weinreich 2011, p.45). Action plan for the implementation of the recommendation is also given as well as the controls of the same program in Birmingham library. Introduction The tradition and role of social marketing is to ensure that marketing is applied together with other concepts and techniques that will culminate into the social good of the targeted group of people (Alder 2010, p.24). The difference between social marketing and commercial marketing should thus be palpable, in social marketing; the driving agenda is not finances as the case with commercial marketing, they tend skew their interest to pursue social good (Pintado, 2007: p. 32). Birmingham Library is a university library that houses all genres of academic materials from sciences to humanities, with the population of the student’s numbers increasing every academic intake (Krol 2010, p.38). There is urgent need then to ensure that some of the services that are currently offered physically in the library are decentralized so that students can have access to the information even without visiting the library premises (Lazer, William, and Eugene 2006, p.20). This proposed idea is supposed to use online library services to enable students to access online books using their tablets, lap top computers, and phone while they are outside that university l ibrary (Kotler and Nancy 2008, p.16). This development will not only help in decongesting the library that is currently receiving high level of traffic movement of students but will also be useful in serving the student’s convenience of using library services in various places including within the hostel without having to move into the library (Burcher 2012, p.19). The university thus wants to use social marketing as a way of advising the students on the available options of accessing the library services without having to borrow physical books (Penford, 2011: p. 37). This is deemed to be of social good to the student as they will have the books in soft copy and can use them anytime without having to visit the library every time. On the other hand, the university will also benefit in the sense that they will be able to accommodate the needs of all the students because only those students who want to engage in those issues that cannot be done outside the library will be in at any particular time. The university will also mitigate on the losses that are realized when textbooks are borrowed by the students from the library (Sarki, 2006: p. 12). This move will be highly beneficial to the student’s body and they should be advised to explore this option through social marketing

The Difference Between School Strategic Management Resource Business Essay

The Difference Between School Strategic Management Resource Business Essay The design school is applied by formulating clear and unique strategies in a deliberate process. The design school is also known as process of conception, in this process, the internal situation of the organization of the environment .The planning school; thorough steps are taken from the moment of the analysis of the situation to the actual execution. The positioning school, this is also known as analytical process, this strategy is used by placing the organization within its industry, and looks at how the organization can improve its position with their respective industry. Even though approaches to the design, planning and positioning are different, the design and planning schools are both prescriptive in character, as is the positioning school of thought. In the three schools of thought discussed above, the environment is seen as relatively constant (Volberda Elfring, 2001). Resource based view, is a method of looking at the firm as a bundle of resources in turn of approaching strategy (Powell, 2005).To achieve sustainable competitive advantages ,resource based view evaluates internal resources of the organization and emphasizes resources and capabilities (Madhani, 2009).To enable firms carry out their activities , resources can be considered as inputs .Strategic choices decided by firm while competing in external business environment is determined by internal resources and capabilities (Madhani, 2009) The most significant difference between the perspective school of management and resource based view is that the strategic school of management emphasizes economies of scale and scope such as giving a guide to organization on acquisition, mergers and diversification, budgeting, and analyzing the organizations position within the industry resource based view emphasizing on brand and value creation. While the perspective schools use tools such as Swot analysis, scenario planning and five forces in order to think, program and analyze, resource based view makes an organization to look at their tangible and intangible assets, processes, skills and the leadership aspect of the company .In order to illustrate the significant differences, I would like to compare the differences between the schools of perspective and resource based view. Positioning school enable an organization to identify their position by identifying cost leadership, focus and differentiation,(à Ã‚ rà Ã‚ µnd, 2006 ), while on the other hand RBV gives importance to the leadership level of the organization and views the firm as bunch of resources which is said in the above. However, organization who effectively able to use both of them effectively it would benefit the organization in order to reach their goal and know where they stand, for example they are able to use the SWOT analysis to identify their strength, weakness, opportunities and threats and at the same time use the resource based view to identify what values or brand name in the organization which can be seen as a large asset to the organization. The biggest advantage of resource-based view is that the resource one company holds are hard to be practiced by a competitor. How do these different approaches allow to gain insights into the way successful organizations execute strategy? In order to succeed, companies have to deal with different parts of strategies independently and practice balanced strategies and apply a balanced approach to business system. Many organizations have successfully used these different approaches and executing strategy. I would be using 3 case studies in order to give a better on how this organization uses these different approaches to execute their strategy. Case study #1 Business Management Case Study: How Cisco Applies Companywide Expertise for Integrating Acquired Companies Cisco is a IT company which uses resource based view and the design school. Cisco uses acquisition of other companies to rapidly offer new products, reach new markets, and grow revenue (Cisco, n.d.). Since 1993, the organization have acquired more than 120 companies which consist of small startups to large established firms such as Linksys, Scientific Atlanta, and WebE (Cisco, n.d.). The phases, which is followed by Cisco, clearly illustrates that the organization is effectively using resource-based view and designing school. By using their internal resources such as cross-function teams, common principles, and standard processes, Cisco has developed a formal, repeatable approach to acquisition integration (Cisco, n.d.). The acquisition integration is done by using 3 phases, firstly discovery and planning, where the organization they assess their scope, model their business and integration planning, the second phase, execution, the organization ensure that they are operational readin ess and activate their employee, resources and integration task in order to execute the deal with the acquired company, and the final phase, monitoring, ongoing measurement an adjustment of the integration activity (Cisco, n.d.).As stated by Graeme Wood, Direct of the acquisition integration, in the case study, Cisco centralizes acquisition integration as it is effect and allow them to capture best practices, use their skills and resources more effectively and apply discipline and over sight to the entire acquisition process (Cisco, n.d.). Another statement from Pat Belotti, senior manager of sales acquisition in the case study, integrated Cisco worldwide sales operation, the most important benefit of Ciscos standard integration process that the process help Cisco avoid a purge in revenues, in fact the organization is able to increase their revenues rapidly by applying the organizations resources to assist the acquitted sales department reach their maximum potential (Cisco, n.d.) Case Study #2 Adding value through asset optimization, an Anglo American Case study In this case study Anglo American, a mining company which has a vision of becoming the investment partner and employer of choice in the mining industry, one of its strategy to achieve that ambition is asset optimization and by executing its strategy has been able to achieve on its stated target of saving $1 billion from core operations by 2011 (Anglo American, n.d.). This strategy was executed using the school of planning and resource based view theoretical approaches, in order to achieve their ambition and decided a target of $ 1 Billion from their operations (planning), they decided to optimize their assets. A important feature of development within the asset optimization program was its design, piloting and introduction into Anglo Americans day-to-day business in order for this strategy to be executed a formalized internal process called Operation reviewers, this team was full consist of Anglo Americans internal resources, initially they reviewed their operations, Anglo American c onsistently review their process to make sure that the process is efficient as possible, the operations reviewers apply a structured evaluation process in three functional areas which are operational improvement , technical assessment , safety and sustainable development assessment they combined their central technical capacity with the operational expertise to create a team and focused on delivering value from operational improvement (Anglo American, n.d.). Anglo Americans optimization process sets out a clear view of how operational improvement can be planned for. There are five phases, starting with recognizing an opportunity (investigate numerous ways to lower the mines carbon footprint) followed by the idea stage (found out that a mobile flare design would solve the problem) followed by the initiative stage (a detailed plan were created by technical expert from Anglo American) and finishing with putting an improvement into practice (Anglo American, n.d.). Anglo American has eff ectively used the school of planning and resource based view by effectively planning the asset optimization using their resources and as a result has gained sustainable benefits worth billion of pounds. (Anglo American, n.d.) Case Study #3 Delivering a business strategy, a TNT case study In this case study, TNT, a business to business express delivery service and how the organization is delivering a business strategy using school of positioning and resource based view .In the case study TNT has identified that their organization has a distinctive position and that their market position is based on differentiating itself from rival through their intangible resources (resource based view) (TNT, n.d.), TNT has developed a strategy map that puts the customer on the top at their highest priority of the business (TNT, n.d.). The organization wants everyone involved with the business informed on how the organization will be able to achieve its goals (TNT, n.d.).The TNT case study of Delivering a business strategy shows that Operational Excellence is achieved through a strong foundation of fast, reliable and quality services (TNT, n.d.). From there, by understanding what different customers expect, the organization is able to improve the customer relationship and experience (TNT, n.d.). By building a stronger customer relationship the organization is able to build a higher level of loyalty and commitment. The organization views the innovation process is about identifying the future needs of the organizations customers and by establishing a stronger relationship the business is able to develop a joint approach and shared vision (TNT, n.d.). This strategy map involves quality employees in order to meet their aims and effectively carry out the strategy. In the case study, TNT have stated their mission to surpass customers expectations and experience in the transfer of their goods and documents all around the world and by delivering value to the organizations customers by providing the most reliable and efficient solutions through their delivery networks and seek to lead the industry by instilling pride in their people and at the same time creating value for our stakeholders and be socially responsible around the world (TNT, n.d.). In order to achieve thei r aim TNTs biggest resource is their employees from various departments such as distribution, sales and marketing, finance, customer service and HR. .To ensure employees standards keep on growing, TNT emphasizes on development of employees (TNT, n.d.). By developing the organizations biggest resource, people, the organization ensures that it will have the capability to meet and implement quickly any necessary changes in the organizations strategy (TNT, n.d.).The organization also nurture new employees fresh from the market by offering a in house a five year apprenticeship program for people under 22 years old (TNT, n.d.) .TNT has successfully have used the positioning school and resource based view and successfully have a crafted an effective strategy. Conclusion A competitive advantage gives organization-enhanced capabilities for developing and delivering strategic value. Companies should have several competitive advantages, difficult to copy or duplicate, and sustainable over the long-term (Williams, 2007). The three companies above from the three case studies above has clearly have illustration combining school of taught to achieve their mission and vision.